| Description |
Melatonin, a hormone produced in the brain, is a potent melatonin receptor activator, and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. |
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| In Vivo |
Melatonin increases the levels of activated PTEN, RSK-1, mTOR and AMPKα kinases, mildly inhibits ERK-1/2 phosphorylation and Bad phosphorylation, significantly inhibits phosphorylations of S6 Ribosomal Protein, 4E-BP1, GSK-3α and GSK-3β, and slightly increases PRAS40 phosphorylation in animals[1]. Melatonin ameliorates the neurotoxiciy and astrocyte activation induced by Aβ1-42 in the cerebral cortex. Melatonin also blocks the reduction in Reelin and Dab1 expression induced by Aβ1-42[2]. Melatonin treatment and lack of NLRP3-/- share similar inhibition of NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathway in mice. Melatonin treatment and lack of NLRP3-/- share some patterns of clock genes expression, and improve cardiomyocytes morphology in mice[3]. |
| Clinical Trial |
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| References |
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| Preparing Stock Solutions |
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent.
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| Animal Administration
[1] |
Melatonin is dissolved in 0.9% isotonic saline/5% ethanol at a concentration of 4 mg/kg. A total of two sets of adult male C57BL/6j mice weighing 21-26 g are randomly assigned to one of four groups and treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) delivery of (i) vehicle (50 μL isotonic saline/5% ethanol), (ii) melatonin (4 mg/kg, dissolved in 0.9% isotonic saline/5% ethanol), (iii) Wortmannin, and (iv) melatonin/Wortmannin immediately after reperfusion. In the first set, mice are exposed to 30 min of focal cerebral ischemia (FCI) and 72 h reperfusion for the evaluation of disseminate ischemic injury in the striatum, and signaling pathway analysis (n=7 per group). The second group of mice is exposed to 90 min of FCI and 24 h reperfusion for the analysis of infarct development, brain swelling and IgG extravasation (n=7 per group). MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. |
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| References |
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| Molecular Weight |
232.28 |
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| Formula |
C₁₃H₁₆N₂O₂ |
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| CAS No. |
73-31-4 |
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| Storage |
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| Shipping | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere |
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| Solvent & Solubility |
DMSO: ≥ 68 mg/mL
* "<1 mg/ml"="" means="" slightly="" soluble="" or="" insoluble.="" "≥"="" means="" soluble,="" but="" saturation=""> |
Purity: >98.0%
COA (94 KB) HNMR (184 KB)
Handling Instructions (1252 KB)-
[1]. Kilic U, et al. Particular phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt on Thr308 via PDK-1 and PTEN mediates melatonin"s neuroprotective activity after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Redox Biol. 2017 Apr 5;12:657-665.
[2]. Hu C, et al. Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on soluble Aβ1-42-induced cortical neurodegeneration via Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway. Neurol Res. 2017 Apr 7:1-11
[3]. Rahim I, et al. Melatonin administration to wild-type mice and non-treated NLRP3 mutant mice share similar inhibition of the inflammatory response during sepsis. J Pineal Res. 2017 Mar 31.
